Bono people
De Bono, san so dey bell de Brong den de Abron, be Akan people for West Africa. Dem normally dey tag Bonos Akan piesie anaa Akandifo wey Akan be derivative name. Bono be de genesis den cradle give Akans.[1] Bono be one of de largest ethnic group of Akan wey dem be matrilineal people.[2][3] Bono people dey speak de Bono Twi of Akan language. Twi language, be Bono dema dialect be derivative give Bono King Nana Twi.[4] For de late fifteenth century insyd, de Bono people found de Gyaaman kingdom as extension give Bono state wey now nu come turn Ghana den Côte d'Ivoire.[5][6][7]
| Part of | Akan people  |
|---|---|
| Native language | Bono |
| Languages edey speak, rep anaa sign | Bono, English |
| Country | Ghana, Ivory Coast |
| Edey de administrative territorial entity insyd | Ghana, Ivory Coast |
| Ein location | Ghana |
For de 12th century de tym wey Bonos discover gold for de Twi river den Prabom across de Tain river, Bonos come turn powerful sake of ein wealth for gold insyd for Bono man. Bonos use de gold dust as measure of currency for Bonoman insyd den for de various market centers for Djenne, Timbuktu den North Africa. For chaw cases, dem dey use gold weighing (abramboo) to determine wey quantity of gold dem go fit exchange give a commodity. Dem note Bono people cos of brass casting, dem dey weave cloth (gagawuga, kyenkyen den kente), pottery den de rest. Around 1471, de tym wey de Portuguese arrive for Gold Coast, na Begho of Bonoman be de largest ancient cities for West Africa insyd plus 12,000 estimated population.
Bono Manso, wey be anoda historic city, play noteworthy role for de Atlantic slave trade insyd, den for contemporary times inisde, diaspora Africans often dey visit so say dem go mow more about dema history. Traditionally, Bono be de hub give Akan cultures, den chaw aspects of Akan culture dey originate from Bono, e.g. clans (abusua), ntoro, Akan drums (fontomfrom, atumpan), Akan nomenclature, umbrellas wey dey use for kings, adinkra symbols, fly whisk, ivory trumpets, head gears, de nation ein swords. Bonos dey perform chaw Akan traditional dances such as Kete, Adowa, fontomfrom, den oda dances.[4][8][9]
Etymology
editBono dey mean "pioneer" anaa de "first born for de land top". For de olden days insyd, among de Bonos if woman born for ein first time dem dey refer to am as ein abonowoo.[10]
Culture den Society
editBonos concept give Bonoman (Bono State)
editTraditionally, dem no fit found state wey queenmother no dey for de olden days insyd, although dem found chaw states wey no king dey. Sake of na de succession be (wey e still be) for de female line insyd den as na de maternal ancestors per be (den dey) venerate, na e be very essential say a female of royal blood go born give state. Dat be why queenmother wey dey own state, like how mummy dey own kiddie. Bonos always dey see de queenmother as de moon ein daughter, wey dey symbolize de female characteristics give Nyame, de Supreme Being wey create de universe by giving birth to de sun (Amowia). Therefore dem dey regard de sun as de moon ein soon wey dem dey personify am as de Sungod. Therefore de queenmother dey represent as de great Mother-Moon-goddess, de Sungod be de king, den de state as de Universe Silver dey represent moonlight as de colour give de queenmother, just lyk gold, de colour give de sun, dey represent de king. Dem dey perceive am from anoda angle, seven heavenly bodies Moon, Sun, Mars, Mercury, Jupitar, Venus den Saturn (one for each de day of de week) dey rule heaven. Seven abusua anaa matrilineal clans dey represent dem for de earth top wey dey rule de state.[11][12][13]
References
edit- ↑ Buah, F. K. (1998). "2". A History of Ghana. Macmillan. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-333-65934-2.
- ↑ Akuamoa, Geoffrey (2013-03-18). KWAME, THE LAST SLAVE FROM WEST AFRICA. Lulu.com. ISBN 978-1-291-35746-2.
- ↑ Transactions of the Gold Coast & Togoland Historical Society. The Society. 1974. p. 218.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 The Akan of Ghana: Their Ancient Beliefs. Faber & Faber. 1958.
- ↑ A Profile of Bono Kyempem (Essays on the Archaeology, History, Language and Politics of the Brong Peoples of Ghana), Edited with Introduction by Kwame Arhin. Senior Research Fellow, Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana.
- ↑ Effah-Gyamfi, E. "Aspects of the Archaeology and Oral Traditions of the Bono state. Transactions of the Historical Society of Ghana"(1974) 15(2):217-227.
- ↑ Muhammad, Akbar. The International Journal of African Historical Studies 10.2 (1977): 242-258
- ↑ Shillington, Kevin (2005). Encyclopedia of African History: A - G.. 1. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-57958-245-6.
- ↑ Adandé, Alexis; Arinze, Emmanuel; Arinze, E. N. (2002). Museums & Urban Culture in West Africa. West African Museums Programme. ISBN 978-0-85255-275-9.
- ↑ Arhin, Kwame; Studies, University of Ghana Institute of African (1979). "3". A Profile of Brong Kyempim: Essays on the Archaeology, History, Language and Politics of the Brong Peoples of Ghana. Afram. p. 49.
- ↑ Warren, Dennis M. (1973). Disease, Medicine, and Religion Among the Techinan - Bono of Ghana: A Study in Culture Change. Indiana University.
- ↑ Brempong, Owusu (1978). Attacking Deviation from the Norm: Insults in Bono - Ghana. Indiana University.
- ↑ Westermann, Diedrich; Smith, Edwin William; Forde, Cyril Daryll (1963). Africa. Oxford University Press.