Wikipedia

Liberia

sovereign state wey dey West Africa

Liberia be officially de Republic of Liberia, be country for de West African coast.[1] Sierra Leone dey border am go ein northwest, Guinea go ein north, Ivory Coast go ein east, den de Atlantic Ocean go ein south den southwest. E get population of around 5 million wey edey cova area of 43,000 square miles (111,369 km2). De country ein official language be English; howeva, dem dey speak ova 20 indigenous languages, wey dey reflect de country ein ethnic den cultural diversity. De capital den largest city be Monrovia.

Liberia
republic, sovereign state, country
Part ofWest Africa Edit
Year dem found am7 January 1822 Edit
Official nameRepubblica di Libèria, Liberia, la République du Libéria Edit
Native labelRepublic of Liberia Edit
Short name🇱🇷 Edit
Official languageEnglish Edit
AnthemAll Hail, Liberia, Hail! Edit
Cultureculture of Liberia Edit
Motto textThe Love Of Liberty Brought Us Here, Любовта към свободата ни доведе тук, Ein Cariad at Ryddid a Ddaeth a Ni Yma Edit
ContinentAfrica Edit
CountryLiberia Edit
CapitalMonrovia Edit
Located in time zoneUTC±00:00, Africa/Monrovia Edit
Located in or next to body of waterAtlantic Ocean Edit
Located in/on physical featureWest Africa Edit
Coordinate location6°32′0″N 9°45′0″W Edit
Coordinates of easternmost point5°20′3″N 7°22′4″W Edit
Coordinates of northernmost point8°33′0″N 9°46′12″W Edit
Coordinates of southernmost point4°21′10″N 7°37′3″W Edit
Coordinates of westernmost point6°55′28″N 11°29′57″W Edit
Highest pointMount Wuteve Edit
Lowest pointAtlantic Ocean Edit
Office held by head of statePresident of Liberia Edit
State ein headGeorge Weah Edit
Office head of government holdPresident of Liberia Edit
Government ein headGeorge Weah Edit
Legislative bodyLegislature of Liberia Edit
Highest judicial authoritySupreme Court of Liberia Edit
Central bankCentral Bank of Liberia Edit
CurrencyLiberian dollar Edit
Dey share bother plusGuinea, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast Edit
Driving sideright Edit
Electrical plug typeNEMA 1-15, NEMA 5-15, Europlug, Type E, Schuko Edit
Dey replaceColony of Liberia, Republic of Maryland Edit
Studied inLiberian studies Edit
HashtagLiberia Edit
Top-level Internet domain.lr Edit
FlagFlag of Liberia Edit
Coat of armscoat of arms of Liberia Edit
Geography of topicgeography of Liberia Edit
Get characteristicpartly free country Edit
History of topichistory of Liberia Edit
Economy of topiceconomy of Liberia Edit
Demographics of topicdemographics of Liberia Edit
Mobile country code618 Edit
Country calling code+231 Edit
Emergency phone number911, 114 Edit
Licence plate codeLB Edit
Maritime identification digits636, 637 Edit
Unicode character🇱🇷 Edit
Category for maps or plansCategory:Maps of Liberia Edit
Map

Liberia begin for de early 19th century insyd as project for de American Colonization Society (ACS), wey dem believe black people go face better chances give freedom den prosperity for Africa insyd den for de United States insyd.[2] Between 1822 den de outbreak of de American Civil War for 1861 insyd, more dan 15,000 freed den free-born African Americans, along plus 3,198 Afro-Caribbeans, relocate go Liberia.[3] Gradually dey develop Americo-Liberian identity,[4][5] de settlers carry dema culture den tradition plus them. Liberia declare independence for July 26, 1847, wey na de U.S. no recognize am til February 5, 1862.

Na Liberia be de first African republic make e proclaim ein independence wey ebe Africa ein first den oldest modern republic. Along plus Ethiopia, na ebe de one of de two African countries make e maintain ein sovereignty during de Scramble for Africa. During World War II, Liberia support de United States war effort against Germany, wey e receive considerable American investment insyd infrastructure, wey e aid de country ein wealth den development.[6] Presido William Tubman encourage economic den political changes wey heighten de country ein prosperity den international profile; Liberia be founding member of de League of Nations, United Nations, den de Organisation of African Unity.

Na de Americo-Liberian settlers no dey relate well plus de indigenous peoples dem encounter. De Kru den Grebo dey raid colonial settlements from dema inland chiefdoms. Americo-Liberians form go small elite wey dey hold disproportionate political power; dem exclude indigenous Africans from birthright citizenship for dema own land til 1904.[7][8]

For 1980 insyd, political tensions from William R. Tolbert ein rule result in military coup wey dem kill Tolbert, wey dey mark de end of Americo-Liberian rule for de country insyd wey begin ova two decades of political instability. De First den Second Liberian Civil Wars follow five years of military rule by de People's Redemption Council den five years of civilian rule by de National Democratic Party of Liberia. Dis result for de deaths of 250,000 people (about 8% of de population) den de displacement of chaw more, plus Liberia ein economy shrink by 90%.[9] Peace agreement for 2003 insyd lead go democratic elections for 2005 insyd.

Geography

Administrative divisions

Map # County Capital Population

(2022 Census)

Area

(mi2)

Number of

Districts

Date

Created

1 Bomi Tubmanburg 133,668 749 sq mi (1,940 km2) 4 1984
2 Bong Gbarnga 467,502 3,386 sq mi (8,770 km2) 12 1964
3 Gbarpolu Bopolu 95,995 3,740 sq mi (9,700 km2) 6 2001
4 Grand Bassa Buchanan 293,557 3,064 sq mi (7,940 km2) 8 1839
5 Grand Cape Mount Robertsport 178,798 1,993 sq mi (5,160 km2) 5 1844
6 Grand Gedeh Zwedru 216,692 4,047 sq mi (10,480 km2) 3 1964
7 Grand Kru Barclayville 109,342 1,503 sq mi (3,890 km2) 18 1984
8 Lofa Voinjama 367,376 3,854 sq mi (9,980 km2) 6 1964
9 Margibi Kakata 304,946 1,010 sq mi (2,600 km2) 4 1985
10 Maryland Harper 172,202 886 sq mi (2,290 km2) 2 1857
11 Montserrado Bensonville 1,920,914 737 sq mi (1,910 km2) 17 1839
12 Nimba Sanniquellie 621,841 4,459 sq mi (11,550 km2) 6 1964
13 Rivercess River Cess 90,777 2,159 sq mi (5,590 km2) 7 1985
14 River Gee Fish Town 124,653 1,974 sq mi (5,110 km2) 6 2000
15 Sinoe Greenville 150,358 3,913 sq mi (10,130 km2) 17 1843

Demographics

Largest cities anaa towns insyd Liberia

According to de 2008 Census

Rank Name County Pop.
Monrovia 1 Monrovia Montserrado 1,021,762 Ganta
2 Gbarnga Bong 56,986
3 Buchanan Grand Bassa 50,245
4 Ganta Nimba 42,077
5 Kakata Margibi 34,608
6 Zwedru Grand Gedeh 25,349
7 Harbel Margibi 25,309
8 Harper Maryland 23,517
9 Pleebo Maryland 23,464
10 Foya Lofa 20,569

Ethnic groups

Ethnic Groups in Liberia
Ethnic Groups percent
Kpelle   20.3%
Bassa   13.4%
Grebo   10%
Gio   8%
Mano   7.9%
Kru   6%
Lorma   5.1%
Kissi   4.8%
Gola   4.4%
Krahn   4%
Vai   4%
Mandinka   3.2%
Gbandi   3%
Mende   1.3%
Sapo   1.2%
Belle   0.8%
Dey   0.3%
Other Liberian   0.6%
Other African   1.4%
Non African   0.1%

De population dey include 16 indigenous ethnic groups den various foreign minorities. Indigenous peoples dey comprise about 95 percent of de population. De 16 officially recognize ethnic groups dey include de Kpelle, Bassa, Mano, Gio or Dan, Kru, Grebo, Krahn, Vai, Gola, Mandingo anaa Mandinka, Mende, Kissi, Gbandi, Loma, Dei anaa Dewoin, Belleh, den Americo-Liberians (anaa Congo people).

Languages

English be de official language wey dey serve as de lingua franca of Liberia.[10] As of 2022, na dem dey speak 27 indigenous languages insyd Liberia, buh each be first language for a small percentage per of de population.[11] Liberians sanso dey speak a variety of creolized dialects dem collectively know as Liberian English.[10]

Further reading

  • Cooper, Helene, House at Sugar Beach: In Search of a Lost African Childhood (Simon & Schuster, 2008, ISBN 0743266242)
  • Gilbert, Erik; Reynolds, Jonathan T (October 2003). Africa in World History, From Prehistory to the Present (Paperback ed.). Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0130929075.
  • Greene, Barbara (1991). Too Late to Turn Back. Penguin. ISBN 0140095942.
  • Hetherington, Tim (2009). Long Story Bit By Bit: Liberia Retold. New York: Umbrage. ISBN 978-1884167737.
  • Huffman, Alan (2004). Mississippi in Africa: The Saga of the Slaves of Prospect Hill Plantation and Their Legacy in Liberia Today. Gotham Books. ISBN 978-1592400447.
  • Kraaij, Fred; van der (2015). Liberia : From the Love of Liberty to Paradise Lost. African Studies Centre, Leiden. ISBN 978-9054481447. Archived from the original on August 3, 2020. Retrieved February 28, 2016.
  • Lang, Victoria, To Liberia: Destiny's Timing (Publish America, Baltimore, 2004, ISBN 1413718299). Novel of the journey of a young Black couple fleeing America to settle in the African motherland of Liberia.
  • Maksik, Alexander, A Marker to Measure Drift (John Murray 2013; Paperback 2014; ISBN 978-1848548077). A novel about a young woman's experience of and escape from the Liberian civil war.
  • Merriam Webster's Geographical Dictionary: third Edition (Paperback ed.). Springfield: Merriam Webster Inc. 1997. ISBN 0877795460.
  • Mwakikagile, Godfrey, Military Coups in West Africa Since The Sixties, Chapter Eight: Liberia: 'The Love of Liberty Brought Us Here,' pp. 85–110, Nova Science Publishers, Inc., Huntington, New York, 2001; Godfrey Mwakikagile, The Modern African State: Quest for Transformation, Chapter One: The Collapse of A Modern African State: Death and Rebirth of Liberia, pp. 1–18, Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2001.
  • Pham, John-Peter (2001). Liberia: Portrait of a Failed State. Reed Press. ISBN 1594290121.
  • Sankawulo, Wilton, Great Tales of Liberia. Dr. Sankawulo is the compiler of these tales from Liberia and about Liberian culture. Editura Universității "Lucian Blaga", Sibiu, Romania, 2004. ISBN 978-9736518386.
  • Sankawulo, Wilton, Sundown at Dawn: A Liberian Odyssey. Recommended by the Cultural Resource Center, Center for Applied Linguistics for its content concerning Liberian culture. ISBN 0976356503
  • Shaw, Elma, Redemption Road: The Quest for Peace and Justice in Liberia (a novel), with a foreword by President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf (Cotton Tree Press, 2008, ISBN 978-0980077407)
  • Williams, Gabriel I. H. (2006). Liberia: The Heart of Darkness. Trafford Publishing. ISBN 1553692942.

References

  1. ↑ "Liberia country profile". BBC News. June 10, 2011. Retrieved October 30, 2024.
  2. ↑ "Background on conflict in Liberia" Archived February 14, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, Friends Committee on National Legislation, July 30, 2003
  3. ↑ "July 26, 1847 Liberian independence proclaimed" Archived June 14, 2021, at the Wayback Machine, This Day In History, History website.
  4. ↑ Cooper, Helene, The House at Sugar Beach: In Search of a Lost African Childhood (United States: Simon and Schuster, 2008), p. 6
  5. ↑ Liberia: History, Geography, Government, and Culture Archived May 15, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, Infoplease.com
  6. ↑ "Global Connections . Liberia . Timeline | PBS". www.pbs.org. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  7. ↑ Nelson, Harold D.; American University (Washington, D. C. ) Foreign Area Studies (January 24, 1984). "Liberia, a country study". Washington, D.C. : The Studies : For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O. – via Internet Archive.
  8. ↑ "Constitutional history of Liberia". Constitutionnet.org. Archived from the original on April 28, 2021. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
  9. ↑ "Praise for the woman who put Liberia back on its feet". The Economist. October 5, 2017. Archived from the original on May 15, 2018. Retrieved October 6, 2017.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Moore, Jina (October 19, 2009). "Liberia: Ma Ellen talk plenty plenty Liberian English". Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting. Archived from the original on October 5, 2011. Retrieved July 22, 2011.
  11. ↑ Liberia in Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2022). Ethnologue: Languages of the World (25th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International.
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